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风机在工作中，气流由风机轴向进入叶片空间，然后在叶轮的驱动下一方面随叶轮旋转；另一方面在惯性的作用下提高能量，沿半径方向离开叶轮，靠产生的离心力来做功的风机称为离心式风机。
The fan in the work, the airflow from the fan blade to enter the space, and then the impeller is driven by the hand with the rotation of the impeller; on the other hand to improve the energy in the role of inertia, along the radius direction away from the impeller, centrifugal force generated by the fan work called centrifugal fan.
性能特点
离心式风机实质是一种变流量恒压装置。当转速一定时，离心式风机的压力-流量理论曲线应是一条直线。由于内部损失，实际特性曲线是弯曲的。离心式风机中所产生的压力受到进气温度或密度变化的较大影响。对一个给定的进气量，最高进气温度(空气密度最低)时产生的压力最低。对于一条给定的压力与流量特性曲线，就有一条功率与流量特性曲线。当鼓风机以恒速运行时，对于一个给定的流量，所需的功率随进气温度的降低而升高。
Performance characteristics
The centrifugal fan is essentially a variable flow constant pressure device. When the speed is certain, the pressure flow theory curve of the centrifugal fan should be a straight line. As a result of internal loss, the actual characteristic curve is curved. The pressure produced in a centrifugal fan is greatly influenced by the change of intake temperature or density. For a given intake, the maximum inlet temperature (the lowest air density) produces the lowest pressure. For a given pressure and flow characteristic curve, there is a power and flow characteristic curve. When the blower runs at a constant speed, the required power increases with the decrease of the intake temperature for a given flow.
工作原理
离心式风机的工作原理与透平压缩机基本相同，只是由于气体流速较低，压力变化不大，一般不需要考虑气体比容的变化，即把气体作为不可压缩流体处理。
离心式风机是根据动能转换为势能的原理，利用高速旋转的叶轮将气体加速，然后减速、改变流向，使动能转换成势能（压力）。在单级离心式风机中，气体从轴向进入叶轮，气体流经叶轮时改变成径向，然后进入扩压器。在扩压器中，气体改变了流动方向造成减速，这种减速作用将动能转换成压力能。压力增高主要发生在叶轮中，其次发生在扩压过程。在多级离心式风机中，用回流器使气流进入下一叶轮，产生更高压力。
离心式风机的叶片，按其出口安装角的大小可分为后弯式、前弯式、径向三种形式。后弯式叶片的弯曲方向与叶轮旋转方向相反，出口安装角小于90度；径向叶片的出口方向为径向，出口安装角等于90度；前弯式叶片的弯曲方向与叶轮旋转方向相同，出口安装角大于90度。
离心式风机可制成右旋和左旋两种型式。从电动机一侧正视:叶轮顺时针旋转，称为右旋转风机；逆时针旋转，称为左旋。
Working principle
The working principle of centrifugal fan is basically the same as that of turbo compressor. Because the velocity of gas is relatively low and the pressure changes little, it is generally not necessary to consider the change of specific volume of gas, that is, to treat gas as an incompressible fluid.
Centrifugal fan is based on the principle of converting kinetic energy into potential energy, and accelerates the gas with high speed rotating impeller, then decelerates and changes the direction of flow, so that kinetic energy can be converted into potential energy (pressure). In a single stage centrifugal fan, the gas enters the impeller from the axial direction, and the gas is changed into radial when the gas flows through the impeller and then into the diffuser. In the diffuser, the gas changes the flow direction to decelerate, which converts the kinetic energy into the pressure energy. The pressure increases mainly in the impeller, followed by the expansion process. In a multistage centrifugal fan, a reflux is used to make the air flow into the next impeller and produce higher pressure.
The blade of the centrifugal fan can be divided into three forms, namely, backward bending, front bending and radial according to the size of the outlet and installation angle. The bending direction of the backward curved blade is opposite to the impeller rotation direction, the outlet installation angle is less than 90 degrees, the outlet direction of the radial blade is radial, and the outlet installation angle is equal to 90 degrees; the bending direction of the front bending blade is the same as that of the impeller rotation, and the outlet installation angle is greater than 90 degrees.
The centrifugal fan can be made into two types, right - spin and left - spin. From the side of the motor: the impeller is rotated clockwise, called the right rotating fan; the counter clockwise rotation, called the left spin.
调试方法
离心式风机是一台构造复杂的设备，主要有进风口，风阀，叶轮，电机、出风口组成。在不同的状态下，离心式风机的效果也不相同。因此，不同的部分运行状况不同时，离心式风机的效果会受到影响。将离心式风机调试至最佳状态，可以从多个方面入手。
1、离心式风机允许全压起动或降压电动，但应注意，全压起动时的电流约为5-7倍的额定电流，降压起动转矩与电压平方成正比，当电网容量不足时，应采用降压起动。
2、离心式风机在试车时，应认真阅读产品说明书，检查接线方法是否同接线图相符；应认真检查供给风机电源的工作电压是不是符合要求，电源是否缺相或同相位，所配电器元件的容量是否符合要求。
3、试车时人数不少于两人，一人控制电源，一人观察风机运转情况，发现异常现象立即停机检查；首先检查旋转方向是否正确；离心式风机开始运转后，应立即检查各相运转电流是否平衡、电流是否超过额定电流；若有不正常现象，应停机检查。运转五分钟后，停机检查风机是否有异常现象，确认无异常现象再开机运转。
4、双速离心式风机试车时，应先起动低速，检查旋转方向是否正确；起动高速时必须待风机静止后再启动，以防高速反向旋转，引起开关跳闸及电机受损。
5、离心式风机达到正常转速时，应测量风机输入电流是否正常，离心式风机的运行电流不能超过其额定电流。若运行电流超过其额定电流，应检查供给的电压是否正常。
6、离心式风机所需电机功率是指在一定工况下，对离心式风机和风机箱，进风口全开时所需功率较大。若进风口全开进行运转，则电机有损坏的危险。风机试车时最好将风机进口或出口管道上的阀门关闭，运转后将阀门渐渐开启，达到所需工况为止，并注意风机的运转电流是否超过额定电流。
严格按照上述调试方式对离心式风机进行调试，可让离心式风机的效率达到98%以上。
Debug method
The centrifugal fan is a complex structure, which is mainly composed of air inlet, wind valve, impeller, motor and outlet. In different state, the effect of centrifugal fan is different. Therefore, the effect of centrifugal fans will be affected by different operating conditions at different parts. The centrifugal fan can be adjusted to the best state, and it can start from many aspects.
1, the centrifugal fan allows full voltage start or step down electric drive, but it should be noted that the total voltage start current is about 5-7 times the rated current, and the starting voltage of the reduction voltage is proportional to the voltage square. When the capacity of the grid is insufficient, it should be used to start with a step-down voltage.
2, the centrifugal fan in the test, should carefully read the instructions, check the wiring method is consistent with the wiring diagram; the working voltage should carefully check the fan power supply is not in accordance with the requirements, whether the power phase or the same phase, the electrical components of the capacity to meet the requirements.
3, the test of more than two people, a control power supply, a human observer fan operation, abnormal phenomena immediately stop check; check the direction of rotation is correct; centrifugal fan started running, should immediately check whether the electric current is balanced, each phase current is over the rated current; if is not a normal phenomenon, should be down to check. After five minutes of operation, stop checking whether the fan has abnormal phenomenon, confirm no abnormal phenomenon and reopen the machine.
4, when a double speed centrifugal fan is running, it should start low speed first and check whether the rotation direction is correct. When it starts at high speed, it must wait for the fan to start after static, so as to prevent high speed reverse rotation, cause switch trip and motor damage.
5. When the centrifugal fan reaches the normal speed, the input current of the fan should be measured. The current of the centrifugal fan should not exceed the rated current. If the current exceeds its rated current, it should be checked whether the supply voltage is normal.
6. The motor power required for centrifugal fans refers to the greater power required for the centrifugal fan and the fan box in a certain working condition when the inlet of the air inlet is fully open. If the inlet of the inlet is fully operated, the motor is in danger of damage. When the fan is running, it is better to close the valve on the inlet or outlet pipe of the fan. After running, the valve will gradually open until the required working condition is reached, and pay attention to whether the running current of the fan exceeds the rated current.