圆形板式橡胶支座是板式支座的一种,它与矩形板式橡胶支座特性基本相同,只是其平面形状为圆形,具有剪切变形的同等性,克服了矩形橡胶支座某些遇应力集中的现象,可将上部构造复杂变形和转动经过支座橡胶层的弹性变形来完成。在圆板橡胶支座上用特殊方法粘复一层聚四氟乙烯板(F4),使梁底不锈钢板与F4板之间的自由滑动,完成上部结构较大的位移量,它除了具有矩形橡胶支座的功能外,因其平面圆形在安装时可不考虑其方向性,在弯桥、斜交桥、曲线桥上使用,其优点更为明显。

　　Circular plate rubber bearing is a bearing plate, and rectangular plate rubber bearing characteristics are basically the same, but the plane shape is round, with the same shear deformation, overcome the rectangular rubber bearing in some stress concentration phenomenon, deformation and rotation can be completed via the elastic deformation of the complex bearing rubber layer the upper structure. In the plate rubber bearing with special complex method of sticking a layer of Teflon plate (F4), the free sliding between the stainless steel plate and F4 plate beam bottom, complete displacement of upper structure, it has a rectangular rubber bearing function, because of its flat circle in the installation can not consider the direction. In the use of curved bridge, skew bridge, curved bridge, its advantage is more obvious.

　　GYZ系列圆形板式橡胶支座的结构及性能

　　Structure and properties of GYZ series circular plate rubber bearings

　　圆形板式橡胶支座由多层橡胶片与薄钢板硫化、粘合而成,它有足够的竖向刚度,能将上部构造的反力可靠的传递给墩台,有良好的弹性,以适应梁端的转动;又有较大的剪切变形能力,以满上部构造的水平位移。在上述的圆形板式橡胶支座表面粘复一层1.5mm-3mm的聚四氟乙烯圆形板式橡胶支座,制造成聚四氟乙烯滑板式橡胶支座。它除了竖向钢度与弹性变形,能承受垂直荷载及适应梁端转动外,因聚四氟乙烯板的低磨擦系数,可使梁端在四氟板表面向内滑动,水平位移不受限制;特别适宜中、小荷载,大位移量的桥梁使用。

　　Circular plate rubber bearing is composed of multilayer rubber sheets and thin plate vulcanization, bonding, it has enough vertical stiffness, can force reliable transfer to the pier top structure, good flexibility, in order to adapt to the rotation of the beam end; and a larger deformation, the horizontal displacement of the full structure. On the surface of the circular plate rubber bearing, a 1.5mm-3mm PTFE plate rubber bearing is bonded to form a polytetrafluoroethylene sliding plate rubber bearing. In addition to its vertical stiffness and elastic deformation under vertical load and can adapt to the rotation of the outer end of the beam, because of low friction coefficient of PTFE plate, the beam end in inward PTFE sliding surface, the horizontal displacement is not restricted; especially suitable for medium and small load, large displacement of the bridge.

　　圆形板式橡胶支座的安装与施工方法

　　Installation and construction method of circular plate rubber bearing

　　现浇梁安装桥梁普通板式橡胶支座比较方便,在施工程序如下:保持墩台垫石顶面清洁。如果支承垫石标高差距过大,可以用水泥砂浆进行调整。在支承垫石上按设计图标出中心,安装时橡胶支座的中心与支承垫石中心线要吻合,以确保支座就位准确。当同一片梁需两个或四个支座时,为方便找平,可以在支承垫石和支座之间铺一层水泥砂浆,让支座在桥梁体的压力下自动找平。在浇注梁体前,在支座上放置一块比支座平面稍大的支承钢板,钢板上焊接锚固钢筋与梁体连接,并把支承钢板视作浇梁模板的一部分进行浇注,按以上方法进行,可以使支座与梁底钢板及垫石顶面全部密贴。

　　The cast-in-place beam installation ordinary bridge plate rubber support in the construction process more convenient, as follows: keep the pier pad stone tops clean. If the gap between supporting stone elevation is too large, cement mortar can be used to adjust. The center of the rubber bearing is fitted with the center line of the supporting stone, so as to ensure the correct positioning of the bearing. When the same beam needs two or four bearings, in order to facilitate leveling, a layer of cement mortar can be laid between the supporting stone and the bearing, so that the bearing can be automatically leveled under the pressure of the bridge body. In the pouring of beam before placing a slightly larger than the bearing plane of the bearing plate on the support plate, welded anchor bar and beam body connection, and part of the supporting steel plate girder as a template for casting, according to the above method, can make the bearing beam and the bottom steel plate and pad stone tops all. Stick.

　　预制梁橡胶支座的安装:安装好预制梁橡胶支座的关键在于保证梁底在垫石顶面的平行、平整,使其和支座上、下表面全部密贴,不得出现偏压、脱空和不均匀支承受力现象。施工程序如下:处理好支撑垫石,使支撑垫石标高一致。预制梁与支座接触的底面要保持水平和平整。当有蜂窝浆和倾斜度时,要预先用水泥砂浆捣实、整平。

　　Prefabricated bridge rubber bearing installation: key pre installed bridge rubber bearing pad stone is to ensure that the top surface of the beam bottom in parallel and smooth, and the support of the upper and lower surfaces all close, there shall be no bias, void and uneven supporting force. The construction procedure is as follows: handle the supporting stone properly, and make the supporting stone elevation consistent. The bottom surface of the precast beam and the bearings should be kept horizontal and smooth. When there is honeycomb slurry and slope, cement mortar should be rammed and leveled in advance.

　　圆形板式橡胶支座的正确就位先使支座和支承垫石按设计要求准确就位。架梁落梁时,T型梁的纵轴线要与支座中心线重合;板梁、箱梁的纵轴线与支座中心线相平行。为落梁准确,在架第一跨板梁或箱梁时,可在梁底划好二个支座的十字位置中心,在梁的端立面上标出两个支座的位置中心线的铅直线,落梁时使之与墩台上的位置中心线相重合。以后数跨可依照第一跨梁为基准进行。在架梁落梁时要平稳,防止压偏或产生初始剪切变形,大家可以参考铁路桥梁板式橡胶支座规格表。

　　The correct location of the round plate rubber bearing makes the bearing and the supporting stone accurately placed in accordance with the design requirements. When the girder is falling, the longitudinal axis of the T beam should coincide with the center line of the bearing; the longitudinal axis of the plate beam and the box girder is parallel to the center line of the support. For the first frame in the fall beam accurately, cross slab beam or box girder, cross the center position can be marked two supports at the end of the beam, the lead line and mark the position the center line of two bearings in the end elevation on the beam, beam falling when the phase coincides with the position of the center line on the pier. The subsequent span can be carried out on the basis of the first span beam. When the girder is falling, the beam should be stable and prevent the deflection or the initial shear deformation, so we can refer to the specifications of the plate type rubber bearing of the railway bridge.

　　在安装T型桥梁时,若橡胶支座比梁筋底宽,则应在支座与梁筋底之间加设比支座大的钢筋混凝土垫块或厚钢板做过渡层,以免支座局部受压,而形成应力集中。钢筋砼垫块或厚钢板要用环氧树脂砂浆和梁筋底贴合粘结。落梁后,一般情况下支座顶面与梁面保持水平。预应力简支梁,其支座顶面可稍后倾;非预应力梁其支座顶面可略微前倾,但倾斜角度不得超过5"。

　　The installation of T type bridge, if the rubber bearing ratio of beam bar bottom width should be in between the bearing and the bottom beam reinforcement added support than reinforced concrete pad or thick plate transition layer, to support local compression, and the formation of stress concentration. Reinforced concrete block or thick steel plate should be bonded with epoxy resin mortar and beam reinforcement bottom. After falling beam, in general, the bearing top surface and the beam surface maintain level. Prestressed simply supported beam, its bearing top surface can be tilted later; non prestressed beam, its bearing top surface can slightly forward, but the angle of inclination shall not exceed 5".

　　圆形板式橡胶支座不仅技术性能优良,还具有构造简单,价格低廉,无需养护,易于更换,缓冲隔震,建筑高度低等优点。因而,在桥梁界颇受欢迎,被广泛应用。

　　The circular plate rubber bearing not only has good technical performance, but also has the advantages of simple structure, low price, no maintenance, easy replacement, buffer isolation, low building height and so on. Therefore, it is popular and widely used in bridge circles.